22 March

238        Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman Emperors.

875         William I, Duke of Aquitaine (born) (died 918)

1459       Maximilian I (born), Holy Roman Emperor (died 1519)

1508      Ferdinand II of Aragon commissions Amerigo Vespucci chief navigator of the Spanish Empire.

1544       Johannes Magnus (died), Swedish archbishop (born 1488)

1599       Anthony van Dyck (born), Flemish painter (died 1641)

1602       Agostino Carracci (died), Italian painter (born 1557)

1621       The Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony sign a peace treaty with Massasoit of the Wampanoags.

1622       Algonquian Indians kill 347 English settlers around Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony’s population, during the Second Anglo-Powhatan War.

1630       The Massachusetts Bay Colony outlaws the possession of cards, dice, and gaming tables.

1638       Anne Hutchinson is expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony for religious dissent.

1712       Edward Moore (born), English playwright (died 1757)

1713       The Tuscarora War comes to an end with the fall of Fort Neoheroka, effectively opening up the interior of North Carolina to European colonization.

1720       Nicolas-Henri Jardi (born), French architect, designed the Yellow Palace and Bernstorff Palace (died 1799)

1739       Nadir Shah occupies Delhi in India and sacks the city, stealing the jewels of the Peacock Throne.

1765       The British Parliament passes the Stamp Act that introduces a tax to be levied directly on its American colonies.

1784       The Emerald Buddha is moved with great ceremony to its current location in Wat Phra Kaew, Thailandied

1814       Thomas Crawford (born), American sculptor, designed the Statue of Freedom (died 1857)

1832       Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (died), German author and politician (born 1749)

1842       Mykola Lysenko (born), Ukrainian pianist, composer, and conductor (died 1912)

1846       Randolph Caldecott (born), English illustrator (died 1886)

1863       Opothleyahola (died). principle chief of the Creek Nation (born ca. 1796)

1871       In North Carolina, William Woods Holden becomes the first governor of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment.

1873       A law is approved by the Spanish National Assembly in Puerto Rico to abolish slavery.

1887      Chico Marx (born), American actor (died 1961)

1894       The first playoff game for the Stanley Cup starts.

1908      Louis L’Amour (born), American author (died 1988)

1912       Karl Malden (born), American actor (died 2009)

1917       Virginia Grey (born), American actress (died 2004)

1920       Werner Klemperer (born), German-American actor and singer (died 2000)

1923       Marcel Marceau (born), French mime and actor (died 2007)

1924       Al Neuharth (born), American journalist and author, founded USA Today (died 2013)

1928       E. D. Hirsch, Jr. (born), American educator, author, and critic

1930       Derek Bok (born), American lawyer and academic

1930       Pat Robertson (born), American minister and broadcaster

1930       Stephen Sondheim (born), American composer and songwriter

1931       William Shatner (born), Canadian-American actor, singer, director, and producer

1941       Jeremy Clyde (born), English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (Chad and Jeremy)

1942       World War II: In the Mediterranean Sea, the Royal Navy confronts Italy’s Regia Marina in the Second Battle of Sirte.

1943       George Benson (born), American singer-songwriter and guitarist

1943       Keith Relf (born), English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (The Yardbirds, Renaissance, and Armaggedon) (died 1976)

1945       The Arab League is founded when a charter is adopted in Cairo, Egypt.

1946       Rivka Golani (born), Israeli viola player

1947       James Patterson (born), American author

1948       Andrew Lloyd Webber (born), English director and composer

1948       Randy Jo Hobb (born), American bass player (The McCoys and Montrose) (died 1993)

1948       Wolf Blitzer (born), German-American journalist

1949       Brian Hanrahan (born), English journalist (died 2010)

1950       Jocky Wilson (born), Scottish darts player (died 2012)

1950       Mary Tamm (born), English actress (died 2012)

1952       Bob Costas (born), American sportscaster

1952       Uncle Dave Macon (died), American singer-songwriter and banjo player (born 1870)

1954       Closed since 1939, the London bullion market reopens.

1959       Matthew Modine (born), American actor, screenwriter, director, and producer

1960       Arthur Leonard Schawlow and Charles Hard Townes receive the first patent for a laser

1963       The Beatles’ first album, Please Please Me, is released in the United Kingdom.

1972       In Eisenstadt v. Baird, the United States Supreme Court decides that unmarried persons have the right to possess contraceptives.

1972       The United States Congress sends the Equal Rights Amendment to the states for ratification.

1974       Peter Revson (died), American race car driver (born 1939)

1975       A fire at the Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant in Decatur, Alabama causes a dangerous reduction in cooling water levels.

1976       Reese Witherspoo (born), American actress and producer

1977       John Otto (born), American musician (Limp Bizkit)

1978       Karl Wallenda (born 1905) of The Flying Wallendas dies after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

1982       NASA’s Space Shuttle Columbia, is launched from the Kennedy Space Center on its third mission, STS-3.

1984       Teachers at the McMartin preschool in Manhattan Beach, California are charged with satanic ritual abuse of the children in the school. The charges are later dropped as completely unfoundedied

1991       Dave Guard (died), American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Kingston Trio) (born 1934)

1991       Gloria Holden (died), English-American actress (born 1908)

1993       The Intel Corporation ships the first Pentium chips (80586), featuring a 60 MHz clock speed, 100+ MIPS, and a 64 bit data path.

1995       Cosmonaut Valeriy Polyakov returns to earth after setting a record of 438 days in space.

1997       Tara Lipinski, age 14 years and 10 months, becomes the youngest champion women’s World Figure Skating Champion.

1997       The Comet Hale-Bopp has its closest approach to Earth.

2001      William Hanna (died), American animator, director, producer, and voice actor, co-founded Hanna-Barbera (born 1910)

2004      Ahmed Yassin, co-founder and leader of the Palestinian Sunni Islamist group Hamas, two bodyguards, and nine civilian bystanders are killed in the Gaza Strip when hit by Israeli Air Force AH-64 Apache fired Hellfire missiles.

2005      Rod Price (died) English Guitarist and songwriter (Foghat)(born 1947)

2006      Three Christian Peacemaker Team hostages are freed by British forces in Baghdad after 118 days of captivity and the murder of their colleague, American Tom Fox.

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EO Smith

Interests include biological anthropology, evolution, social behavior, and human behavior. Conducted field research in the Tana River National Primate Reserve, Kenya and on Angaur, Palau, Micronesia, as well as research with captive nonhuman primates at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center and the Institute for Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya.
EO Smith
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