2 March

537         Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under King Vitiges began the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his bucellarii are almost cut off.

1127       Assassination of Charles the Good, Count of Flanders.

1484       The College of Arms is formally incorporated by Royal Charter signed by King Richard III of England.

1498       Vasco da Gama’s fleet visits the Island of Mozambique.

1545       Thomas Bodley (born), English diplomat and scholar, founded the Bodleian Library (died 1613)

1578       George Sandys (born), English poet (died 1644)

1619       Anne of Denmark (died) (born 1574)

1625       James Hamilton, 2nd Marquess of Hamilton (died), Scottish politician (born 1589)

1657       Great Fire of Meireki: A fire in Edo (now Tokio), Japan, caused more than 100,000 deaths; it lasted three days

1717       The Loves of Mars and Venus written by John Weaver is the first ballet performed in England at the Drury Lane Theater.

1729       Francesco Bianchini (died), Italian philosopher and scientist (born 1662)

1755       Antoine-Frédéric Gresnick (born), Belgian composer (died 1799)

1769       DeWitt Clinton (born), American politician, 6th Governor of New York (died 1828)

1776       American Revolutionary War: Patriot militia units arrest the Royal Governor of Georgia James Wright and attempt to prevent capture of supply ships in the Battle of the Rice Boats.

1791       John Wesley (died), English cleric and theologian (born 1703)

1791       Long-distance communication speeds up with the unveiling of a semaphore machine in Paris.

1793       Sam Houston (born), American soldier and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Texas (died 1863)

1797       Horace Walpole (died), English historian (born 1717)

1797       Horace Walpole (died), English politician and historian (born 1717)

1797       The Bank of England issues the first one-pound and two-pound banknotes.

1807      The U.S. Congress passes the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves, disallowing the importation of new slaves into the country.

1808      The inaugural meeting of the Wernerian Natural History Society, a Scottish learned society, is held in Edinburgh.

1810       Pope Leo XIII (born) (died 1903)

1825       Roberto Cofresí, one of the last successful Caribbean pirates, is defeated in combat and captured by authorities.

1836       Texas Revolution: Declaration of independence of the Republic of Texas from Mexico.

1840      Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers (died), German physician and astronomer (born 1758)

1855       Alexander II becomes Tsar of Russia.

1855       Nicholas I of Russia (died) (born 1796)

1860      Susanna M. Salter (born), American politician (died 1961)

1862       Boris Borisovich Galitzine (born), Russian physicist (died 1916)

1862       John Jay Chapman (born), American author (died 1933)

1867       The U.S. Congress passes the first Reconstruction Act.

1876       Pope Pius XII (born) (died 1958)

1877 –Just two days before inauguration, the U.S. Congress declares Rutherford B. Hayes the winner of the election even though Samuel J. Tilden had won the popular vote on November 7, 1876.

1882      Queen Victoria narrowly escapes an assassination attempt by Roderick McLean in Windsor.

1886      Willis H. O’Brien (born), American animator (died 1962)

1900      Harri Moora (born), Estonian archeologist (died 1968)

1900      Kurt Weill (born), German-American composer (died 1950)

1901       The U.S. Congress passes the Platt Amendment limiting the autonomy of Cuba, as a condition of the withdrawal of American troops.

1902       Edward Condon (born), American physicist (died 1974)

1902       Moe Berg (born), American baseball player and spy (died 1972)

1903       In New York City the Martha Washington Hotel opens, becoming the first hotel exclusively for women.

1904       Dr. Seuss (born), American author, poet, and illustrator (died 1991)

1917       Desi Arnaz (born), Cuban-American actor, singer, and producer (died 1986)

1919       The first Communist International meets in Moscow.

1921       Ernst Haas (born), Austrian photographer (died 1986)

1922       Eddie “Lockjaw” Davis (born), American saxophonist (died 1986)

1930       D. H. Lawrence (died), English author, poet, and playwright (born 1885)

1931       Mikhail Gorbachev (born), Soviet lawyer and politician, President of the Soviet Union, Nobel Prize laureate

1931       Tom Wolfe (born), American journalist and author

1933       The film King Kong opens at New York’s Radio City Music Hall.

1937       The Steel Workers Organizing Committee signs a collective bargaining agreement with U.S. Steel, leading to unionization of the United States steel industry.

1938       Lawrence Payton (born), American singer-songwriter and producer (The Four Tops) (died 1997)

1939       Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli is elected Pope and takes the name Pius XII.

1939       Howard Carter (died), English archaeologist (born 1874)

1941       David Satcher (born), American physician, 16th United States Surgeon General

1941       World War II: First German military units enter Bulgaria after it joins the Axis Pact.

1942       John Irving (born), American author

1942       Lou Reed (born), American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (The Velvet Underground)

1942       Mir-Hossein Mousavi (born), Iranian politician, 79th Prime Minister of Iran

1943       World War II: Battle of the Bismarck Sea               United States and Australian forces sink Japanese convoy ships.

1946       Ho Chi Minh is elected the President of North Vietnam.

1949       Captain James Gallagher lands his B-50 Superfortress Lucky Lady II in Fort Worth, Texas after completing the first non-stop around-the-world airplane flight in 94 hours and one minute.

1949       The first automatic street light is installed in New Milford, Connecticut.

1950       Karen Carpenter (born), American singer and drummer (The Carpenters) (died 1983)

1953       Russ Feingold (born), American lawyer and politician

1955       Jay Osmond (born), American singer and drummer (The Osmonds)

1955       Ken Salazar (born), American politician, 36th Attorney General of Colorado

1956       Mark Evans (born), Australian bass player (AC/DC, Finch, and Heaven)

1956       Morocco gains its independence from France.

1962       Jon Bon Jovi (born), American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (Bon Jovi)

1962       Wilt Chamberlain sets the single-game scoring record in the National Basketball Association by scoring 100 points.

1965       The US and South Vietnamese Air Force begin Operation Rolling Thunder, a sustained bombing campaign against North Vietnam.

1968       Daniel Craig (born), English actor

1969       In Toulouse, France, the first test flight of the Anglo-French Concorde is conducted.

1970       Rhodesia declares itself a republic, breaking its last links with the British crown.

1972       The Pioneer 10 space probe is launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida with a mission to explore the outer planets.

1983       Compact Discs and players are released for the first time in the United States and other markets. They had previously been available only in Japan.

1984       Elizabeth Jagger (born), English model and actress

1987       Randolph Scott (died), American actor and director (born 1898)

1989       Twelve European Community nations agree to ban the production of all chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) by the end of the century.

1990       Nelson Mandela is elected deputy President of the African National Congress.

1991       Battle at Rumaila Oil Field brings an end to the 1991 Gulf War.

1991       Mary Howard (died), English author (born 1907)

1992       Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, San Marino, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan join the United Nations.

1992       Sandy Dennis (died), American actress (born 1937)

1993       1993 Storm of the Century begins to form over the North Atlantic Ocean.

1995       Researchers at Fermilab announce the discovery of the top quark.

1999       Dusty Springfield (died), English singer (The Lana Sisters and The Springfields) (born 1939)

2002      U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins, (ending on March 19 after killing 500 Taliban and al Qaeda fighters, with 11 Western troop fatalities).

2003      Hank Ballard (died), American singer-songwriter (The Midnighters) (born 1927)

2004      Marge Schott (died), American businesswoman (born 1928)

2004      Mercedes McCambridge (died), American actress (born 1916)

2008      Jeff Healey (died), Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1966)

2012       A tornado outbreak occurred over a large section of the Southern United States and into the Ohio Valley region, resulting in 40 tornado-related fatalities.

Follow me

EO Smith

Interests include biological anthropology, evolution, social behavior, and human behavior. Conducted field research in the Tana River National Primate Reserve, Kenya and on Angaur, Palau, Micronesia, as well as research with captive nonhuman primates at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center and the Institute for Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya.
EO Smith
Follow me

Latest posts by EO Smith (see all)