14 February

269        Saint Valentine (died), Roman bishop and martyr

1317       Margaret of France (died), Queen of England (born 1282)

1400      Richard II dies, most likely from starvation, in Pontefract Castle, on the orders of Henry Bolingbroke. (born 1367)

1468       Johannes Werner (born), German priest and mathematician (died 1522)

1545       Lucrezia de’ Medici (born), Duchess of Ferrara (died 1561)

1556       Thomas Cranmer is declared a heretic.

1602       Francesco Cavalli (born), Italian composer (died 1676)

1679       Georg Friedrich Kauffmann (born), German composer and organist (died 1735)

1744       John Hadley (died), English mathematician, invented the octant (born 1682)

1766       Thomas Robert Malthus (born), English economist and scholar (died 1834)

1778       The United States Flag is formally recognized by a foreign naval vessel for the first time, when French AdmiralToussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte renders a nine gun salute to USS Ranger, commanded by John Paul Jones.

1779       American Revolutionary War: the Battle of Kettle Creek is fought in Georgia.

1779       James Cook is killed by Native Hawaiians near Kealakekua on the Island of Hawaii. (born 1728)

1780      William Blackstone (died), English jurist and politician (born 1723)

1797       French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Cape St. Vincent    John Jervis, (later 1st Earl of St Vincent) and Horatio Nelson (later 1st Viscount Nelson) lead the British Royal Navy to victory over a Spanish fleet in action near Gibraltar.

1800      Emory Washburn (born), American lawyer, historian, and politician, 22nd Governor of Massachusetts (died 1877)

1812       Alfred Thomas Agate (born), American painter (died 1846)

1818       Frederick Douglass (born), American author and activist (died 1895)

1819       Christopher Latham Sholes (born), American inventor, invented the typewriter (died 1890)

1824       Winfield Scott Hancock (born), American general (died 1886)

1831       Henry Maudslay (died), English engineer (born 1771)

1838      Margaret E. Knight (born), American inventor (died 1914)

1849       In New York City, James Knox Polk becomes the first serving President of the United States to have his photograph taken.

1852       Great Ormond St Hospital for Sick Children, the first hospital in England to provide in-patient beds specifically for children (The National Children’s Hospital in Dublin was founded over 30 years previously in 1821), is founded in London.

1855       Texas is linked by telegraph to the rest of the United States, with the completion of a connection between New Orleans and Marshall, Texas.

1859       George Washington Gale Ferris, Jr. (born), American engineer, designed the Ferris Wheel (died 1896)

1859       Oregon is admitted as the 33rd U.S. state.

1876       Alexander Graham Bell applies for a patent for the telephone, as does Elisha Gray.

1882      John Barrymore (born), American actor (died 1942)

1884      Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt (died), American wife of Theodore Roosevelt (born 1861)

1891       William Tecumseh Sherman (died), American general (born 1820)

1894       Eugène Charles Catalan (died), Belgian-French mathematician (born 1814)

1894       Jack Benny (born), American actor and comedian (died 1974)

1895       Max Horkheimer (born), German philosopher and sociologist (died 1973)

1898      Bill Tilman (born), English mountaineer and explorer (died 1977)

1899       Voting machines are approved by the U.S. Congress for use in federal elections.

1903       The United States Department of Commerce and Labor is established (later split into the Department of Commerce and the Department of Labor).

1912       Arizona is admitted as the 48th U.S. state.

1912       In Groton, Connecticut, the first diesel-powered submarine is commissioned.

1913       Jimmy Hoffa (born), American union leader (died 1975)

1913       Mel Allen (born), American journalist (died 1996)

1913       Woody Hayes (born), American football player and coach (died 1987)

1917       Herbert A. Hauptman (born), American mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2011)

1918       The Soviet Union adopts the Gregorian calendar (on 1 February according to the Julian calendar).

1920       The League of Women Voters is founded in Chicago, Illinois.

1921       Hugh Downs (born), American television host and producer

1924       The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company changes its name to International Business Machines Corporation (IBM).

1929       Saint Valentine’s Day massacre: Seven people, six of them gangster rivals of Al Capone’s gang, are murdered in Chicago, Illinois.

1929       Vic Morrow (born), American actor and director (died 1982)

1931       Phyllis McGuire (born), American singer (The McGuire Sisters)

1934       Florence Henderson (born), American actress and singer

1941       Donna Shalala (born), American academic

1941       Paul Tsongas (born), American politician (died 1997)

1942       Battle of Pasir Panjang contributes to the fall of Singapore.

1942       Michael Bloomberg (born), American businessman and politician, 108th Mayor of New York City

1943       World War II: Tunisia Campaign – General Hans-Jurgen von Arnim’s Fifth Panzer Army launches a concerted attack against Allied positions in Tunisia.

1944       Carl Bernstein (born), American journalist

1944       Ronnie Peterson (born), Swedish race car driver (died 1978)

1945       President Franklin D. Roosevelt meets with King Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia aboard the USS Quincy, officially beginning U.S.-Saudi diplomatic relations.

1945       World War II: On the first day of the bombing of Dresden, the British Royal Air Force and the United States Army Air Forces begin fire-bombing Dresden, the capital of the German state of Saxony.

1946       Gregory Hines (born), American actor, singer, and dancer (died 2003)

1946       The Bank of England is nationalized.

1948       Pat O’Brien (born), American sportscaster

1948       Teller (born), American magician and actor

1949       The Asbestos Strike begins in Canada. The strike marks the beginning of the Quiet Revolution in Quebec.

1949       The Knesset (Israeli parliament) convenes for the first time.

1950       Roger Fisher (born), American guitarist (Heart and Alias)

1959       Renée Fleming (born), American soprano

1960       Meg Tilly (born), American actress

1962       First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy takes television viewers on a tour of the White House.

1975       Julian Huxley, English biologist, co-founded the World Wide Fund for Nature (born 1887)

1975       P. G. Wodehouse (died), English author and poet (born 1881)

1977       Cadel Evans (born), Australian cyclist

1979       In Kabul, Setami Milli militants kidnap the American ambassador to Afghanistan, Adolph Dubs who is later killed during a gunfight between his kidnappers and police.

1989       Iranian leader Ruhollah Khomeini issues a fatwa encouraging Muslims to kill Salman Rushdie, author of The Satanic Verses.

1989       Union Carbide agrees to pay $470 million to the Indian government for damages it caused in the 1984 Bhopal disaster.

1999       John Ehrlichman (died), American lawyer, 12th White House Counsel (born 1925)

2003      Dolly (died), Scottish cloned sheep (born 1996)

2005      Youtube is launched by a group of college students, eventually becoming the largest video sharing website in the world and a main source forviral videos.

2008      Northern Illinois University shooting: a gunman opened fire in a lecture hall of the DeKalb County, Illinois university resulting in 6 fatalities (including gunman) and 18 injuries.

2009      Bernard Ashley (died), English engineer and businessman, co-founded Laura Ashley plc (born 1926)

2011       As a part of Arab Spring, the Bahraini uprising, a series of demonstrations, amounting to a sustained campaign of civil resistance, in the Persian Gulf country of Bahrain begins with a ‘Day of Rage’.

2011       George Shearing (died), English-American pianist (born 1919)

2013       Reeva Steenkamp (died), South African model (born 1983)

Follow me

EO Smith

Interests include biological anthropology, evolution, social behavior, and human behavior. Conducted field research in the Tana River National Primate Reserve, Kenya and on Angaur, Palau, Micronesia, as well as research with captive nonhuman primates at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center and the Institute for Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya.
EO Smith
Follow me

Latest posts by EO Smith (see all)