1267 James II of Aragon (born) (died 1327)
1519 Ferdinand Magellan’s five ships set sail from Seville to circumnavigate the globe. The Basque second in command, Juan Sebastián Elcano, will complete the expedition after Magellan’s death in the Philippines.
1535 Ippolito de’ Medici (died), Florence ruler (born 1509)
1560 Hieronymus Praetorius (born), German organist and composer (died 1629)
1602 Gilles de Roberval (born), French mathematician (died 1675)
1675 The foundation stone of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London, England is laid.
1680 The Pueblo Revolt begins in New Mexico.
1737 Anton Losenko (born), Russian painter (died 1773)
1740 Samuel Arnold (born), English organist and composer (died 1802)
1744 Alexandrine Le Normant d’Étiolles (born), French daughter of Madame de Pompadour (died 1754)
1776 American Revolutionary War: word of the United States Declaration of Independence reaches London.
1784 Allan Ramsay (died), Scottish painter (born 1713)
1792 French Revolution: Storming of the Tuileries PalaceLouis XVI of France is arrested and taken into custody as his Swiss Guards are massacred by the Parisian mob.
1793 The Musée du Louvre is officially opened in Paris, France.
1809 John Kirk Townsend (born), American ornithologist (died 1851)
1809 Quito, now the capital of Ecuador, declares independence from Spain. This rebellion will be crushed on August 2, 1810.
1813 Instituto Nacional, is founded by the Chilean patriot José Miguel Carrera. It is Chile’s oldest and most prestigious school. Its motto is Labor Omnia Vincit, which means “Work conquers all things”.
1814 Henri Nestlé (born), German businessman, founded Nestlé (died 1890)
1821 Jay Cooke (born), American financier, founded Jay Cooke & Company (died 1905)
1821 Missouri is admitted as the 24th U.S. state.
1839 Aleksandr Stoletov (born), Russian physicist and academic (died 1896)
1846 The Smithsonian Institution is chartered by the United States Congress after James Smithson donates $500,000.
1861 American Civil War: Battle of Wilson’s Creek the war enters Missouri when a band of raw Confederate troops defeat Union forces in the southwestern part of the state.
1874 Herbert Hoover (born), American engineer and politician, 31st President of the United States (died 1964)
1875 Karl Andree (died), German geographer (born 1808)
1877 Frank Marshall (born), American chess player (died 1944)
1889 Arthur Böttcher (died), German pathologist and anatomist (born 1831)
1889 Charles Darrow (born), American game designer, created Monopoly (died 1967)
1897 John W. Galbreath (born), American businessman and philanthropist, founded Darby Dan Farm (died 1988)
1898 Jack Haley (born), American actor and singer (died 1979)
1909 Leo Fender (born), American businessman, founded Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (died 1991)
1913 Wolfgang Paul (born), German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1993)
1928 Eddie Fisher (born), American singer and actor (died 2010)
1928 Jimmy Dean (born), American singer, actor, and businessman, founded the Jimmy Dean Food Company (died 2010)
1929 Pierre Fatou (died), French mathematician and astronomer (born 1878)
1932 A 5.1 kilograms (11 lb) chondrite-type meteorite breaks into at least seven pieces and lands near the town of Archie in Cass County, Missouri.
1932 Rin Tin Tin (died), American acting dog (born 1918)
1933 Keith Duckworth (born), English engineer, founded Cosworth (died 2005)
1939 Charlie Rose (born), American politician (died 2012)
1940 Bobby Hatfield (born), American singer-songwriter (The Righteous Brothers) (died 2003)
1943 Jimmy Griffin (born), American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Bread, Black Tie, and The Remingtons) (died 2005)
1943 Michael Mantler (born), American trumpet player and composer (Jazz Composer’s Orchestra)
1943 Ronnie Spector (born), American singer-songwriter (The Ronettes)
1944 World War II: American forces defeat the last Japanese troops on Guam.
1945 Harriet Miers (born), American lawyer, 31st White House Counsel
1945 Robert H. Goddard (died), American physicist (born 1882)
1947 Ian Anderson (born), Scottish singer-songwriter and flautist (Jethro Tull)
1948 Candid Camera makes its television debut after being on radio for a year as Candid Microphone.
1949 U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act Amendment, streamlining the defense agencies of the United States government, and replacing the Department of War with the United States Department of Defense.
1953 First Indochina War: The French Union withdraws its forces from Operation Camargue against the Viet Minh in central Vietnam.
1954 At Massena, New York, the groundbreaking ceremony for the Saint Lawrence Seaway is held.
1959 Rosanna Arquette (born), American actress, director, and producer
1960 Antonio Banderas (born), Spanish-American actor, singer, and producer
1961 First use in Vietnam War of the Agent Orange by the U.S. Army.
1962 Suzanne Collins (born), American screenwriter and author
1963 Estes Kefauver (died), American politician (born 1903)
1969 A day after murdering Sharon Tate and four others, members of Charles Manson’s cult kill Leno and Rosemary LaBianca.
1971 The Society for American Baseball Research is founded in Cooperstown, New York.
1972 Angie Harmon (born), American model and actress
1978 Three members of the Ulrich family are killed in an accident. This leads to the Ford Pinto litigation.
1981 Murder of Adam Walsh: the head of John Walsh’s son is found. This inspires the creation of the television series America’s Most Wanted.
1988 Japanese American internment: U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, providing $20,000 payments to Japanese Americans who were either interned in or relocated by the United States during World War II.
1990 The Magellan space probe reaches Venus.
1995 Oklahoma City bombing: Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols are indicted for the bombing. Michael Fortier pleads guilty in a plea-bargain for his testimony.
1999 Jennifer Paterson (died), English chef (born 1928)
2002 Kristen Nygaard (died), Norwegian computer scientist and politician (born 1926)
2003 The highest temperature ever recorded in the United Kingdom – 38.5 °C (101.3 °F) in Kent, England. It is the first time the United Kingdom has recorded a temperature over 100 °F (38 °C).
2003 Yuri Malenchenko becomes the first person to marry in space.
2008 Isaac Hayes (died), American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor (born
EO Smith
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