855      Lothair I (died), Roman emperor (born 795) 1227    Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades. 1511     Michael Servetus (born), Spanish physician, cartographer, and theologian (died 1553) 1547    Miguel de Cervantes (born), Spanish author, poet, and playwright (died 1616) 1561    Adriaan van Roomen… Continue reading →

48 BCPompey the Great (born 106 BC) is assassinated on the orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt. 235      Pope Pontian resigns. He and Hippolytus, church leader of Rome, are exiled to the mines of Sardinia. 365      Roman usurper Procopius bribes two legions passing by Constantinople, and proclaims himself Roman emperor. 935     … Continue reading →

1066   William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme River, beginning the Norman Conquest of England. 1389   Cosimo de’ Medici (born), Italian ruler (died 1464) 1422    After the brief Gollub War the Teutonic Knights sign the Treaty of Melno with the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania… Continue reading →

1087   William II is crowned King of England, and reigns until 1100. 1329    Anne of Bavaria (born) (died 1353) 1580   Sir Francis Drake finishes his circumnavigation of the Earth. 1687    The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange’s invasion of England, which became the Glorious Revolution. 1687    The Parthenon in Athens is… Continue reading →

275      In Rome, (after the assassination of Aurelian), the Senate proclaims Marcus Claudius Tacitus Emperor. 1237    England and Scotland sign the Treaty of York, establishing the location of their common border. 1513    Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa reaches what would become known as the Pacific Ocean. 1525    Steven Borough (born), English explorer and navigator… Continue reading →